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These titles are collected from different encyclopedias, dictionaries and relevant books. The collection does not claim completeness.
Fränkisch (= Jerman, Gardlan) |
Ingallish | Explanation |
---|---|---|
Ag(h)a | officer, general | |
Atabeg | Military Commander and instructor of Seldjukish princes | |
Beglerbeg + Sandschakbeg (mil./ziv. Verw.) ++ (?) |
Beglerbeg + Sandshakbeg (mil./civ. admin.) ++ (?) |
|
Begum | Begum | Princess |
Bei, (türk.) Bey, (pers.) Beg | Bey | Lord; honorary title for small tribal chiefs, noblemen, mil. and civ. officers |
Beylik | district of a Bey | |
Chan, (türk.) Han | Khan, Han | Ruler |
Defterdar | Treasurer, officer or Minister of Finances | |
Divan | Council | |
Dragoman | court interpreter | |
Ef(f)endi |
|
|
Emir (Amir) | Emir | Prince, Head of tribe (cf. Emirate of Cordoba) only as vassal, not independent |
Emirat | Emirate | district of an Emir |
Faqih (<-> Fakir?!) (pl. fuqaha, Gesamtheit = ulema) |
Faqih (<-> Fakir?!) (pl. fuqaha, entity = ulema) |
Sunni lawyer |
Ferman, Firman | Order of the Sultan (issued by the Grand Vizier), e.g. passport | |
Ghazi | Warrior of Faith | |
Giaur | Infidel | |
(Groß-) Mogul | (Grand) Mogool | "mongol" ruler (in India) |
Großmufti | Grand Mufti | Mufti of Istanbul (Sheikh-ul-Islam), member of the government, equal in rank to the Grand Vizier |
Großscheich | Grand Sheikh | Religious leader of the Sunnits, head of the Al-Azhar University in Cairo, ranks as a minister |
Großwesir | Grand Vizier | Supreme (Prime) minister, proxy to the Sultan |
(türk.) Han, Chan | Han, Khan | Ruler |
Harem (arab. Haram) | Harem | |
Ilchan | Tribal prince (of a dynasty founded by Hülägü), vassal (cf. Chan) | |
Imam |
|
|
Kadi | Judge (needs the legal opinion of a Mufti), Notary (only in bigger, central towns/cities) partially responsible for taxes, mobilization supervision of crafts, markets, buildings, religion |
|
Kadiasker | Judge of the Army, Minister of Justice, supreme judge | |
Kalif | Caliph | Successor, political/religious successor to the
Prophet only 1: Baghdad -> Kairo -> Istanbul |
Kapudan Pascha | kapudan Pasha | Grand Admiral, Commander-in-Chief of the Navy |
Kislar Aga | Lord of the Girls (in the harem) | |
Medina | old town of a city; fortified town/city | |
Medresse | religious school, mostly at a Mosque | |
Molla (Mulla) + Hodscha ++ Ayatollah +++ Mardscha (<-> Maharadscha!?) |
Mollah (Moollah) + Hodja ++ Ayatollah +++ Mardjah (<-> Maharadja!?) |
("Lord, Master") Shia lawyer + higher rank ++ higher rank (Aja = Sign, Allah = God, a very deserving theologist) +++ higher rank |
Mufti |
|
|
Nischandschi | Nishandji | Secretary |
Padischah, Großherr | Padishah | Grand Lord, Grand Turk (Title of the Sultan) |
Pascha | Pasha |
|
Rabat, Ribat | fort, fortified monastery; suburb? | |
Radscha; Radschas | Raja; Rajas | Herd; Subjects |
Sandschakbeg | Sandjakbeg | chief officer of a Sandjak (subdivision of a wilayat) |
Serail |
|
|
Scheich, Scheik | Sheikh |
|
Sherif/Sharif | Title of the successors of the Prophet | |
Sultan | Ruler | |
Sultanin | Sultanah | Lady Ruler, or Ruler's wife |
Tschausch | Tchauch | non-commissioned officer or adequate civil officer |
Ulema | all the clergymen | |
Umma | all the fidels | |
Valideh | Mother of the Sultan | |
Wali | Vali | chief officer of a wilayat |
Wesir | Vizier | Minister (first phase in Ottoman realm: 1, second phase: 4, one of them = Grand Vizier) |
© by Winfried Schroedter - last update of this page on 11. November 2006 00:52 Westeuropäische Normalzeit